Long-term Effects of Viral Meningitis on Memory, Brain Function and its Impact on Brain Regions

Viral meningitis is often less severe than bacterial meningitis, but it can lead to long-term cognitive and neurological impairments. This literature review aims to evaluate evidence for long-term cognitive, neurological, and psychosocial sequelae of viral meningitis, with a focus on affected brain regions and underlying inflammatory mechanisms. Key regions, including the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex are discussed in relation to memory deficits, executive dysfunction, and potential hypothalamic-pituitary axis disturbances in recovered patients. These findings emphasize the lasting impact of viral meningitis and support the need for more research into post-infection neurological and psychological outcomes.